Mengenal Personal Pronoun dan Penggunaannya

Personal pronoun merujuk kepada semua kata ganti yang mengindikasikan orang atau benda. Olehnya dalam bahasa Indonesia personal pronoun dikenal sebagai kata ganti orang.

Adapun yang dimaksud dengan personal pronoun adalah:

Personal Pronoun - Dosen English
English Indonesian
I Saya, Aku, Anda
You Kamu, Anda
You Kalian
We Kami
They Mereka
He Dia (pria)
She Dia (perempuan)
It (benda)

Beberapa Klasifikasi Personal Pronoun

Personal pronoun dapat dibagi berdasarkan jenis orangnya dan berdasarkan jumlah orangnya.

Untuk memudahkan teman-teman pelajar bahasa Inggris sekalian dalam memahami materi ini, Dosen English turut menambahkan klasifikasi personal pronoun berdasarkan to be dan bentuk waktunya (dalam penggunaannya pada kalimat nominal), dan berdasarkan verb atau kata kerja dan bentuk waktunya (dalam penggunaannya pada kalimat verbal). Selain itu, diberikan pula klasifikasi berdasarkan tenses dan aspects-nya. 

Berdasarkan Jenis Orangnya
Orang Pertama (1st person) Orang Kedua (2nd person) Orang Ketiga (3rd person)
Personal Pronoun I, We You, They He, She, It

Berdasarkan jumlahnya, personal pronoun dapat dibagi kedalam bentuk singular atau tunggal dan plural atau jamak.

Berdasarkan Jumlahnya
Singular (Tunggal) Plural (Jamak)
Personal Pronoun I, You, He, She, It You, We, They

Berdasarkan to be dan bentuk waktunya, klasifikasi personal pronoun digambarkan pada tabel berikut. 

Berdasarkan to be & Bentuk Waktunya
Past Present Future
I Was Am Will be
He Was Is Will be
She Was Is Will be
It Was Is Will be
You Were Are Will be
We Were Are Will be
They Were Are Will be

Berdasarkan bentuk waktu sederhananya, klasifikasi personal pronoun adalah seperti pada tabel berikut.

Berdasarkan Verb dan Bentuk Waktu Sederhana
Simple Past Simple Present Simple Future
I Went Go Will go
You Went Go Will go
We Went Go Will go
They Went Go Will go
He Went Goes Will go
She Went Goes Will go
It Went Goes Will go

Berdasarkan aspect progressive (be + present participle), klasifikasi personal pronoun adalah sebagai berikut. Aspect progressive merupakan jenis kalimat yang menekankan bahwa yang sedang dibicarakan (fokus pada kata kerjanya) masih sedang berlangsung saat dibicarakan.

Berdasarkan Aspek Progressive
Past Progressive Present Progressive Future Progressive
I Was going Am going Will be going
You Were going Are going Will be going
We Were going Are going Will be going
They Were going Are going Will be going
He Was going Is going Will be going
She Was going Is going Will be going
It Was going Is going Will be going

Berdasarkan aspect perfective, klasifikasi personal pronoun adalah sebagai berikut. Aspect perfective merupakan jenis kalimat yang menjelaskan sesuatu yang “telah” selesai dilakukan saat dibicarakan.

Berdasarkan Aspect Perfective
Past Perfect Present Perfect Future Perfect
I Had learned Have learned Will have learned
You Had learned Have learned Will have learned
We Had learned Have learned Will have learned
They Had learned Have learned Will have learned
He Had learned Has learned Will have learned
She Had learned Has learned Will have learned
It Had learned Has learned Will have learned

Berdasarkan aspect perfect continuous, klasifikasi personal pronoun adalah sebagai berikut. Aspect perfect continuous merupakan jenis kalimat yang menekankan bahwa yang sedang dibicarakan (fokus pada kata kerjanya) telah dimulai pada suatu waktu sebelum dibicarakan, masih sedang berlangsung saat dan setelah dibicarakan. Dalam hal ini, kita belum mengetahui kapan kegiatan/peristiwa/aktivitas tersebut akan selesai.

Berdasarkan Aspect Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous Present Perfect Continuous Future Perfect Continuous
I Had been learning Have been learning Will have been learning
You Had been learning Have been learning Will have been learning
We Had been learning Have been learning Will have been learning
They Had been learning Have been learning Will have been learning
He Had been learning Has been learning Will have been learning
She Had been learning Has been learning Will have been learning
It Had been learning Has been learning Will have been learning

Demikian pembahasan tentang personal pronoun. Jika ada poin yang kurang jelas, silahkan tanyakan melalui Facebook FansPage Dosen English.